Valve akaahgemeiit for steam-hammebs



JAMES WATT, 0F SOUTH BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

VALVEv ARRANGEMENVT FOR STEAM-HlVIllGIIEllRS.

Specificationof Letters Patent No. 10,297, datedDecember 6,1853.

To all whom z5-mag concern:

Be tv known that I, JAMES WATT, of South BOstom-Iin the county of Suffolk and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Vhave invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Hammers and Method of Operating the Same; and I hereby declare thel following to be a full, clear,

and eXactl description of the same', reference being had to the annexed drawings, making part of the saine,-

which--' Figure l is av side elevation of the steam hammer with my improvements attached. Fig. 2 is a plan of the same. Fig. 3 is a section upon the line A A of Fig. 1. Fig. Lt is a vertical section lupon the line B B of Fig. 2. Fig. 5v is abottomv view of the cylinder through which theeXh-austion takes place. Fig. 6 is a bottom view of the throttle valve which governs the exhaustion of the steam from the cylinder.

C, is the hammer; D, the anvil; E, the hammer helve which is secured to the husk F and vibrates upon trunnions G in suitable boxes upon the standards Hf I is the steam cylinder; K, the piston; L, the piston rod attached to the cross head, M, the ends ot which pass through the sliding boxes a whichplay vertically between the upright ways or guides N.

O is an arm projecting from the crosshead M by which the valve rod is actuated and which is thus made to move with less friction than has heretofore been the case, when the actuating arm was attached directly to the helve of the hammer.

P is the steam chest; the steamway to and from the cylinder; Q, the steam valve; R, the valve rod; c, the exhaust passage. This passage leads into a cylinder or chamber S (Fig. 4) a bottom view of which is seen in Fig. 5. The exit from this chamber is commanded by a throttle valve T (Figs. 4 and 6) to which is attached the rod Z and handle e. It will be perceived that by closing the throttle T more or less the steam is made to exhaust more or less freely from beneath the piston, and thus the hammer, whether working at full stroke or not, may be caused to strike as lightly as may be required by simply diminishing the passa-ge through which the steam is permitted to eX-v haust; and should the hammer then be instantly required to strike with its full force, it is only necessary to open the throttle T to its full-capacity, and permit the steam in the to escape freelyl from beneath the piston, and if `the throttley be closed entirely' the :hammer is heldv suspended above the anvil.-` The steamv enters; the steam box through the f f is the passage-into the exhaust pippe by!" f wh'iclrl any steam that may leak throug'hjV into: the space: above the piston is permitted to` ass ofi'.

large mass of iron, it becomes necessaryl that `l`hen: the' ,ham-mer is operating'upon Va.'

the steam be admitted beneathV lthe pistonv when the hammer is at a greater distance v from the anvil, than when it -is operating upena smaller mass. To effect this change the following device is made use of: gfis'v a n i barrel connecting with the upperend of the kvalfve rod R' by the screw z' and havin Va slot'` 713 inrwhich plays the arm Oto raise an lower the valve. The valve-rod R is so attached to the valve Q, as to admit of being turned freely. `Upon the upper end of this rod is cut the screw'a' whichworks in a corresponding female in the lower end of the barrel g. If now the valve rod b e turned in one direction, the barrel g will be'raised, and when the valve rod is turned in the op'- posite direction the barrel will be depressed. When the valve rod is turnedso as to raise the barrel g the steam is admittedl to the cylinder before the hammer reaches the surface of the anvil. When on the contrarythe Y article operated upon isV of slight thiclmess, t-he barrel g is depressed by turning the valve rod, and the steam is not admitted to the lcylinder until the hammer arrives nearly to the surface of the anvil.

Z is a screw stop which is tapped through the top of the barrel g and is raised or lowered by turning the hand wheel m. As

the screw Z is raised the length of stroke of the hammer is increased and as the same screw is depressed t-he length of stroke is diminished.

The operator has it thus within his power to regula-te the length of stroke of the hamf mer as required, and by turning the valve rod i and raising or lowering the barrel g he is also enabled to admit the steam beneath the piston when the hammer yis at any point of its fall to accommodate the stroke as before stated to the thickness of the piece of iron to be operated upon..v Where two adjustable stops upon the valve rod-are made use, if the lower one were to be raised forthe purpose of admitting steam to the cylinder before the hammer reaches the anvil, as the upper stop remains stationary, the

length of stroke of the hammer would beA nearer to the surfaceof the anvil, both of -these adjustments would require to be again altered7 and thus the effectvestrole of the hammer would be constantly varying. For this reason these stop nuts have never been `made use of for the purpose of producing 1 l the momentary changes required in the force `and length of the stroke of the hammer, but

they have been confined to the valve rod by j ani-nuts7 while double valves, sliding plates -and other complicated contrivances have been made use of to regulate the temporary changes required in the action and operation of the hammer.

In the arrangement which I have de-` scribed above, it willv be perceived that the distance between the upper and lower stops remains unchanged when the barrel is raised for the purpose of operating upon a thick piece of iron, and upon this capability and peculiarity I shall base `my first claim to novelty.`

l/Vhat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent isl. The revolvingvalve rod, the barrel g, and the adjustable screw-stop Z, constructed arranged and operating in the manner substantially as described, bywhich I am enabled at any instant to admit the steam beneath the piston during any portion of the .fall of the hammer, without altering the effective force and lengt-h of the stroke.

2.*Iclaim in connection with the above the arrangement forthrottlingthe steam on its way from beneath the piston by which means I am lenabled to regulate the intensity` of the blow of the hammer to any degree ot;l

nicet-y or to hold the same suspended above the anvil in the manner and for vthe purpose;`

substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set` my signature. 4 `JAMES VVA'IT.v

In presence ofy GANs'rER BRowNE, I SAM COOPER.- 

